# Let us make a string with extra spaces and numbers
raw_data = "    42 apples   "
print(raw_data)

# Remove spaces from both ends
cleaned = raw_data.strip()
print(cleaned)

# Remove just the left side spaces
left_cleaned = raw_data.lstrip()
print(left_cleaned)

# Remove just the right side spaces
right_cleaned = raw_data.rstrip()
print(right_cleaned)

# String with a newline and dollar sign
messy = " $99.99\n "
step1 = messy.strip()         # Remove leading and trailing spaces
step2 = step1.replace("$", "")  # Remove dollar sign
step3 = step2.replace('\n', '')   # Remove newline
print(step3)

# Strings can sometimes have tabs too
tabby = "\t 123 hello \t"
no_tabs = tabby.replace('\t', '')
print(no_tabs.strip())

# Let us convert a cleaned string to an integer
num_str = '   1001   '
clean_num_str = num_str.strip()    # Remove spaces
number = int(clean_num_str)        # Convert to integer
print(number)

# Converting to a float (decimal number)
dec_str = " 3.1416 "
clean_dec_str = dec_str.strip()
dec_number = float(clean_dec_str)
print(dec_number)

# What if conversion fails?
bad_str = 'twelve'
try:
    val = int(bad_str)
except ValueError:
    val = None
    print('Could not convert!')
    

# Ask the user for input and clean it
user_input = input('Enter your age: ')
age_clean = user_input.strip()
age_num = int(age_clean)
print('Your age plus five is:', age_num + 5)

# Upper and lower case string cleaning
messy_case = "  PyTHon RuLEs!  "
clean_case = messy_case.strip()
upper = clean_case.upper()
lower = clean_case.lower()
print('Upper:', upper)
print('Lower:', lower)

# Remove many characters at once using translate
import string
sample = 'hello!! 42%* apples###'
remove = str.maketrans('', '', string.punctuation + '0123456789')
cleaned = sample.translate(remove)
print(cleaned.strip())

# A simple mini-project: Clean a messy price list
prices = [' $3.99 ', '\n4.50$', '5.00', ' 2.25 ']
clean_prices = []
for p in prices:
    temp = p.strip().replace('$', '').replace('\n', '')
    clean_prices.append(float(temp))
print(clean_prices)

# MINI-PROJECT PART 2: Total and average of cleaned prices
total = sum(clean_prices)
average = total / len(clean_prices)
print('Total:', total)
print('Average:', round(average, 2))

# Trouble: What if we forget to strip before converting?
example = ' 404 '
number = int(example)    # This will work, but always check for extra spaces!
print(number)

# Challenge: Clean and add two user-entered numbers
num1 = input('Enter a messy number: ')
num2 = input('Enter another messy number: ')
n1 = float(num1.strip().replace('$', '').replace(',', ''))
n2 = float(num2.strip().replace('$', '').replace(',', ''))
print('Sum:', n1 + n2)