# First, import matplotlib.pyplot. This gives us access to plotting functions.
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

x = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
y = [2, 4, 6, 8, 10]
plt.plot(x, y)
plt.title("Simple Line Plot")
plt.xlabel("X Values")
plt.ylabel("Y Values")
plt.show()

plt.plot(x, y, color="red", linestyle="--", linewidth=2)
plt.title("Dashed Red Line")
plt.show()

days = ["Mon", "Tue", "Wed", "Thu", "Fri"]
sales = [5, 7, 6, 4, 8]
plt.bar(days, sales, color="skyblue")
plt.title("Sales by Day")
plt.xlabel("Day of Week")
plt.ylabel("Number of Sales")
plt.show()

# Try making a bar chart with your favorite fruits.
fruits = ["Apple", "Banana", "Cherry"]
counts = [7, 3, 5]
plt.bar(fruits, counts, color="orange")
plt.title("Favorite Fruits in Class")
plt.ylabel("Number of Votes")
plt.show()

heights = [150, 160, 165, 170, 175]
weights = [55, 60, 62, 72, 80]
plt.scatter(heights, weights, color="purple", marker="o")
plt.title("Height vs Weight")
plt.xlabel("Height (cm)")
plt.ylabel("Weight (kg)")
plt.show()

# Let us add labels to each point using the text function.
names = ["Anna", "Ben", "Eva", "Leo", "Mia"]
plt.scatter(heights, weights, color="green")
for i in range(len(names)):
    plt.text(heights[i], weights[i], names[i])
plt.title("Heights and Weights with Labels")
plt.xlabel("Height (cm)")
plt.ylabel("Weight (kg)")
plt.show()

scores = [55, 60, 65, 68, 72, 75, 80, 81, 82, 85, 85, 88, 92]
plt.hist(scores, bins=5, color="gold")
plt.title("Test Score Distribution")
plt.xlabel("Score Range")
plt.ylabel("Number of Students")
plt.show()

category1 = input("Type a category name: ")
category2 = input("Type another category name: ")
value1 = int(input("Enter a number for " + category1 + ": "))
value2 = int(input("Enter a number for " + category2 + ": "))
plt.bar([category1, category2], [value1, value2], color=["blue", "pink"])
plt.title("Your Custom Bar Chart")
plt.show()

# Let us see what happens if you enter text instead of a number.
try:
    bad_value = int(input("Type a number (just digits): "))
    print("Good job! You entered:", bad_value)
except ValueError:
    print("That is not a number. Please use digits only.")
    

# Change figure size and add a grid to a line plot.
plt.figure(figsize=(8, 4))
plt.plot(x, y, marker="s", color="brown", label="Sample Data")
plt.grid(True)
plt.legend()
plt.title("Line Plot with Grid and Legend")
plt.show()

# Save your chart as a picture file.
plt.bar(days, sales)
plt.title("Save This Chart")
plt.savefig("chart.png")
plt.show()

names = ["Jamie", "Ava", "Sam", "Leo"]
prizes = [3, 1, 4, 2]
plt.bar(names, prizes, color=["blue", "red", "green", "purple"])
plt.title("Contest Prizes Won")
plt.xlabel("Person")
plt.ylabel("Prizes")
plt.show()

# For best practice, always call plt.clf() to clear the figure before a new plot.
plt.clf()

# Common mistake: forgetting to call plt.show().
plt.plot(x, y, color="teal")
# plt.show() is missing on purpose.
# The chart will not appear until plt.show() is called.